一、安装准备
- MySQL官网
- MySQL下载页
二、下载MySQL
在MySQL下载页，选择MySQL的版本。
- 选择版本 MySQL Community Server 5.7.23
- 选择 Source Code
- 选择 Generic Linux (Architecture Independent)
- 选择带boost版本的 mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz
- 复制链接地址
下载MySQL
yum -y install wgetwget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz
三、环境依赖
源码方式安装MySQL所需的环境依赖：
- cmake
- make
- gcc
- gcc-c++
- bison
- ncurses
- ncurses-devel（devel是开发版本）
yum -y install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ bison ncurses ncurses-devel
四、安装MySQL
1. 解压mysql包
tar -zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gzcd mysql-5.7.23/
2. 创建编译目录
mkdir configurecd configure
3. 生成编译环境
cmake .. -DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_59_0/ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF
结果：
-- Configuring done-- Generating done-- Build files have been written to: /root/mysql-5.7.23/configure
可能遇到的问题：
- 问题1
MySQL currently requires boost_1_59_0...
解决：因为下载的带boost的版本，只需指定正确的 -DWITH_BOOST 参数即可，如下
-DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_59_0/
如果是不带boost的版本，需要自己下载，并移动至解压的mysql-5.7.23目录下，在生成编译文件时，指定正确的 -DWITH_BOOST 参数即可
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz/downloadtar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gzmv boost_1_59_0 mysql-5.7.23
或者指定cmake参数，系统会自己下载
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST
- 问题2
make[2]: *** [libmysqld/examples/mysql_client_test_embedded] 错误 1make[1]: *** [libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysql_client_test_embedded.dir/all] 错误 2
解决：添加以下参数
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF
4. 编译安装
整个过程可能需要点时间，耐心等待。
make && make install
5. 创建mysql用户组和用户
groupadd mysqluseradd -g mysql mysql
6. 设置权限
MySQL的安装目录为 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
7. 初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql2018-07-29T19:09:18.304497Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2018-07-29T19:09:18.536280Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902018-07-29T19:09:18.586523Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2018-07-29T19:09:18.649604Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e49ee151-9362-11e8-ab75-08002739fe2b.2018-07-29T19:09:18.653045Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2018-07-29T19:09:18.653886Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: A,uNFfDrd1yd
结果：生成了一个临时密码，这个要记录下来。同时有个警告
TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated。
解决：
vim /etc/my.cnf
编辑配置文件，然后将 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true 写入其中。
8. 将mysql加入系统服务
cd /usr/local/mysql/support-filescp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqlchkconfig --add mysql # 加入系统服务chkconfig mysql on # 开机启动
9. 尝试开启MySQL服务
service mysql start
遇到问题，如下：
Starting MySQL.2018-07-30T01:14:39.000931Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).
解决：创建该文件即可
mkdir /var/log/mariadbtouch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.logchown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
再次开启mysql服务
[root@localhost support-files]# service mysql startStarting MySQL. SUCCESS!
服务开启成功了!
10. 登录mysql
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -u root -p-bash: mysql: 未找到命令
解决未找到命令问题
创建软链接
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin
结果：
[root@localhost ~]# ll -a /usr/local/bin总用量 0drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 19 7月 30 16:36 .drwxr-xr-x. 15 root root 169 7月 30 02:58 ..lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 7月 30 16:36 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
再次登录：
遇到问题
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
解决方法
查找 mysql.sock 文件，发现存在于 /var/lib/mysql/ 目录下。
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name 'mysql.sock'/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
再查看配置文件 my.cnf
[mysqld] 2 datadir=/var/lib/mysql 3 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 4 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
从配置文件看出socket值为 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock，那么可以创建软链接到 /tmp/mysql.sock
ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
重新登录mysql
如果在初始化数据库时，没有记录生成的临时密码，那就得“暴力破解”了。
首先，关闭mysql服务
service mysql stop
接着，修改/etc/my.cnf，添加skip-grant-tables，如下
[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockskip-grant-tables
然后，免密登录并修改登录密码
mysql# 设置账户密码并退出update user set authentication_string=password('PASSWORD') where user='root';flush privileges; 最后，将/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables删除或注释掉。
重启服务，使用密码登录
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 4Server version: 5.7.23Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
提示重置自动生成的密码：
mysql> show databases;ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
修改root用户的密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123123';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
或者
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('123123');Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) 重新登录MySQL
mysql> exitBye[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.7.23 Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
操作数据库
show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>
五、总结
好记性不如烂笔头，得养成记录的习惯了。